Navigation Features for Electrocardiograph Device User Interface

ABSTRACT

An electrocardiograph device and methods of navigating displays of such a device are disclosed. In one example, an electrocardiograph device includes a display, a plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads, and a programmable circuit. The programmable circuit is configured to receive electrical signals via the electrocardiograph signal leads representative of a heartbeat of a patient. The programmable circuit is configured to generate a user interface to be presented on the display, the user interface comprising a lead display including a screen layout including a plurality of waveform regions. The waveform regions display a waveform corresponding to an electrical signal from one of the leads over a time interval including at least one heartbeat period. Selection of a region causes display of an extended waveform region displaying a waveform over a second time interval that is longer than the first time interval, and which includes a plurality of heartbeat periods.

BACKGROUND

An electrocardiograph (“ECG”) is a representation of the electricalsignals generated by the heart muscle. Typical ECG devices derive one ormore ECG waveforms by measuring small voltages that appear on pickupelectrodes, or leads, placed on the surface of a patient's body.Electrocardiograph (ECG) machines typically include a display device, aplurality of electrodes, and control and signal conditioning circuitry.The electrodes are designed to be attached to the skin on the chest andlimbs of a patient based on a 12-lead placement model. Generally, limblead electrodes are placed on each arm and on the left leg, whileprecordial lead electrodes are placed on the left upper chest regionover the heart in close proximity to the heart and at a location ofstrongest ventricular cardiac action potential signal strength. Thedisplay device presents a waveform representative of an electricalsignal of each of the 12 leads, typically within a small window showingone or a small number of periodic intervals (e.g., approximately asingle heartbeat cycle), based on detection of such signals by thecontrol circuitry.

Because ECG devices typically present each of the 12 leads on a display,each waveform for each of the leads is typically restricted within asmall region of the display. Typically, this is acceptable, since usersof ECG devices can view a single heartbeat period within such a smallregion. However, in some cases, use of such small regions of a displayis unacceptable. For example, it may be difficult, within such a smalldisplay region, to determine variations in a signal occurring overmultiple heartbeat periods, such as drift of the electrical signal to ahigher or lower voltage, which may indicate an issue with either thedevice or patient. In existing machines, to view an extended version ofone of the waveforms, the user must navigate a series of configurationscreens to reconfigure a display. To return to the screen displayingeach of the 12 leads, the user must again navigate a series ofconfiguration screens. Such reconfiguration of displays istime-intensive, and cumbersome.

SUMMARY

In summary, the present application relates to navigation features for auser interface of an electrocardiograph device. In example aspects,various regions of the display can be selected to display additionalinformation regarding a particular electrical lead of anelectrocardiograph device, or to display additional details regardingconnection of such leads to a patient, or to scroll through possibleviews available for reviewing the signals at various ECG leads.

In a first aspect, an electrocardiograph device includes a display, aplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads configured for electricalconnection to a patient, and a programmable circuit operativelyconnected to the display and to the plurality of electrocardiographsignal leads. The programmable circuit is configured to receiveelectrical signals via the electrocardiograph signal leadsrepresentative of a heartbeat of a patient. The programmable circuit isfurther configured to generate a user interface to be presented on thedisplay, the user interface comprising a lead display including a screenlayout including a plurality of waveform regions, the waveform regionsbeing adjacent to one another and each displaying a waveformcorresponding to an electrical signal from one of the plurality ofelectrocardiograph signal leads over a first time interval including atleast one heartbeat period. The programmable circuit is also configuredto, upon receiving selection of a region of the user interface, displayan extended waveform region associated with one or more of theelectrocardiograph signal leads, the extended waveform region displayinga waveform corresponding to the electrical signal from one of theplurality of electrocardiograph leads over a second time interval thatis longer than the first time interval, and which includes a pluralityof heartbeat periods.

In a second aspect, an electrocardiograph device includes a display, aplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads configured for electricalconnection to a patient, and a programmable circuit operativelyconnected to the display and to the plurality of electrocardiographsignal leads. The programmable circuit is configured to receiveelectrical signals via the electrocardiograph signal leadsrepresentative of a heartbeat of a patient. The programmable circuit isfurther configured to generate a user interface to be presented on thedisplay, the user interface comprising a lead display including a screenlayout including a plurality of regions, the plurality of regions beingadjacent to one another and each displaying an indication of anelectrical signal from one or more of the plurality ofelectrocardiograph signal leads. The programmable circuit is alsoconfigured to, upon receiving selection of a region of the userinterface, displaying an extended region associated with one or more ofthe electrocardiograph signal leads, the extended region at leastpartially overlaying one or more remaining regions adjacent to theselected region.

In a third aspect, a method of operating an electrocardiograph deviceincludes attaching a plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads to apatient, and selecting a display mode on a display of theelectrocardiograph device to display a lead display including a screenlayout including a plurality of regions, the plurality of regions beingadjacent to one another and each displaying an indication of anelectrical signal from one or more of the plurality ofelectrocardiograph signal leads. The method also includes selecting oneof the plurality of regions on the display, thereby causing theelectrocardiograph device to display an extended region associated withone or more of the electrocardiograph signal leads, the extended regionat least partially overlaying one or more remaining regions adjacent tothe selected region.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example electrocardiograph deviceuseable for detecting cardiac signals of a patient, according to apossible embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for operating an electrocardiographdevice, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a lead display depicting a screenlayout for a twelve-lead electrocardiograph device including a pluralityof display regions, according to an example embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a lead display depicting a secondscreen layout including an extended region overlaying existing displayregions, according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is an example of a lead display depicting a screen layout for atwelve-lead electrocardiograph device as illustrated in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an example of a lead display depicting a screen layout for atwelve-lead electrocardiograph device as illustrated in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a lead display system depicting ascreen layout including an expanded patient torso depiction, accordingto an example embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a lead display system depicting ascreen layout including a minimized patient torso depiction, accordingto an example embodiment;

FIG. 9 is an example of the lead display system including an expandedpatient torso depiction as in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is an example of the lead display system including a minimizedpatient torso depiction as in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a sequence of toggling amongviews of waveforms representing electrical signals at each of aplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a first example screen layoutamong the screen layouts selectable via a view toggle button, accordingto an example embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a second example screen layoutamong the screen layouts selectable via a view toggle button, accordingto an example embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a third example screen layoutamong the screen layouts selectable via a view toggle button, accordingto an example embodiment; and

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of a fourth example screen layoutamong the screen layouts selectable via a view toggle button, accordingto an example embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As briefly described above, embodiments of the present invention aredirected to navigation features for a user interface of anelectrocardiograph device. In example aspects, various regions of thedisplay can be selected to display additional information regarding aparticular electrical lead of an electrocardiograph device, or todisplay additional details regarding connection of such leads to apatient, or to scroll through possible views available for reviewing thesignals at various ECG leads. As discussed herein, the navigationfeatures provided by way of the present disclosure simplify navigationamong views provided by an electrocardiograph machine simplify themanner in which views can be changed on a display of such a device,thereby saving time and improving the usability of such devices.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a schematic block diagram of an exampleelectrocardiograph (ECG) device 100 is shown in association with apatient 10. The ECG device includes a patient interface 102, processingsystem 104, and display 106.

The patient interface 102 connects to a plurality of electrocardiographsignal leads 108, which are electrically connected to a patient 10 tocapture electrical signals generated based on a cardiac rhythm of thepatient. In example embodiments, the patient interface 102 includes amultiplexor 110 useable to aggregate signals from a lead interface 109,and route such signals to an electrical interface 112, such as a A/Dconversion circuit. A lead detection circuit 114 determines whether eachof the leads 108 are electrically connected to a patient, such as todetermine issues with electrical connection (thereby flagging, for acaregiver, that an electrical signal is not representative of thepatient's cardiac rhythm due to connectivity issues).

The processing system 104 receives the collected digital signals fromthe patient interface 106, and performs a variety of processing tasks onthose signals. For example, the processing system 104 is communicativelyconnected to a memory 115. The memory 115 stores various types of dataand/or software instructions that, when executed by the processingsystem 104, cause the ECG device 100 to perform ECG processing anddisplay tasks, as well as storage and communication of ECG-related data.

In various embodiments, the memory 115 can be implemented as any of avariety of types of computer-readable media or computer storage mediaincorporated into a computer storage device or system. In accordancewith the present disclosure, the term computer readable media as usedherein may include computer storage media and communication media. Asused in this document, a computer storage medium is a device or articleof manufacture that stores data and/or computer-executable instructions.Computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removableand non-removable devices or articles of manufacture implemented in anymethod or technology for storage of information, such as computerreadable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.By way of example, and not limitation, computer storage media mayinclude dynamic random access memory (DRAM), double data ratesynchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), reduced latencyDRAM, DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM, solid state memory, read-only memory(ROM), electrically-erasable programmable ROM, optical discs (e.g.,CD-ROMs, DVDs, etc.), magnetic disks (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks,etc.), magnetic tapes, and other types of devices and/or articles ofmanufacture that store data. Communication media may be embodied bycomputer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or othertransport mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. Theterm “modulated data signal” may describe a signal that has one or morecharacteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode informationin the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communicationmedia may include wired media such as a wired network or direct-wiredconnection, and wireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF),infrared, and other wireless media. Computer storage media does notinclude a carrier wave or other propagated or modulated data signal.

In the embodiment shown, the processing system 104 includes a controller116, processor 118, and signal processing circuit 120. The controller116 is configured for controlling peripheral devices (e.g., inputdevices and output devices, such as the display 106 and input device 107discussed below). Optionally, the controller 116 can correspond to acommunication controller, useable for managing wired and/or wirelesscommunications via communication interfaces, such as wired communicationinterface 122 and wireless communication interface 124, respectively.The wired communication interface 122 can be implemented, for example,as an Ethernet interface, a token-ring network interface, a fiber opticnetwork interface, or other wired interface, such as a Universal SerialBus (USB) connector. The wireless communication interface 124 can, forexample, be implemented according to a desired wireless communicationprotocol (e.g., WiFi, WiMax, etc.).

The processor 118 generally coordinates operations of the ECG devicebased on operating software stored in the memory 115, and coordinatesinteraction between the patient interface 102 and display 106. Thesignal processing circuit 120 performs digital signal processing andvideo processing operations on received signals from the patientinterface 102 to prepare received signals for display via the controller116 and display 106.

The display 106 corresponds to a screen integrated with orcommunicatively connected to the ECG device 100. In various embodiments,the display 106 can be various types of devices for displaying videoinformation, such as an LCD display panel, a plasma screen displaypanel, a touch-sensitive display panel, an LED screen, a cathode-raytube display, or a projector. In some such embodiments, the display 106can also function as an input device (e.g., a touch screen display). Insome embodiments, in particular those in which display 106 is not atouch screen display, a further input device 107 can be included, suchas a keyboard, pointer device, touchpad, or other input mechanism.

In addition, a power interface 124 provides a power source to thevarious other components of the ECG device 100, such as the patientinterface 102 and processing system 104 (including display 106). Invarious embodiments, the power interface 124 can receive a power input(e.g., via a traditional 120 VAC plug, or a DC, battery, or otherelectrical power source).

It is noted that, in some embodiments, the ECG device 100 as discussedabove can be incorporated into or with other types of diagnosticequipment; accordingly, although discussed herein as an ECG devicespecifically, it is understood that the above functionality, and thebelow graphical and navigational features, could be incorporated into amulti-function healthcare, diagnostic, or patient monitoring device.

Referring now to FIG. 2, an example flowchart of a method 200 foroperating an electrocardiograph device, such as ECG device 100 of FIG.1, is shown. In the example embodiment shown, the method 200 can beperformed by a user of such a device, or can be performed by a user of aremote computer, or at least partially by the device or a computingsystem or device communicatively connected thereto.

In the embodiment shown, the method 200 includes an attachment operation202, which corresponds to attaching electrocardiograph signal leads to apatient to be monitored. In operation 202, a user of the ECG device 100,such as a healthcare provider (a physician, nurse, or other clinicalstaff) can electrically connect such leads to the patient, therebyforming an electrical connection by which ECG device 100 can detectheartbeat signals.

A display mode selection operation 204 corresponds to the user selectingto display waveforms that are associated with the electrocardiographsignal leads in a particular configuration. This can include, forexample, initializing the display (e.g., turning on the device) or canalternatively correspond to selecting a mode from a menu or based on atouch screen option presented by the ECG device 100. Generally, thedisplay mode selection operation 204 can result in display of a screenlayout that includes a number of waveform regions, including some thatare adjacent one another. The waveform regions can each correspond to anelectrical signal from the electrocardiograph signal leads, asillustrated in FIG. 3. As seen in FIG. 3, each of the displayed leads(or at a minimum, one or more of such leads) displays anelectrocardiograph signal over a time interval that is at least oneheartbeat period in length (duration).

A selection operation 206 corresponds to selection of at least oneregion of a displayed screen layout. The selection operation 206 can, invarious embodiments, correspond to selection of (1) a region of thescreen layout that includes a waveform representing one or more of theelectrocardiograph signal leads, (2) selection of a navigation option,such as a view toggle button, a lead display selection button, or othernavigation buttons, or (3) selection of a graphical representation ofthe patient to inspect various electrode connectivity issues. Selectionsof other graphical elements could be included as well. The selection canoccur based, for example, upon touching the corresponding graphicalelement displayed on a touch sensitive display, or otherwise using akeypad or pointer to select such a graphical element.

A display update operation 208 is performed in response to the selectionoperation 206, and updates a display of an ECG device in response to theselected region. The display update operation 208 can have variouseffects. In some example embodiments, such as those described inconnection with FIGS. 3-6 below, selection of a region of the screenlayout that includes a waveform can cause expansion of the region toform an extended region in which a plurality of additional heartbeatperiods are displayed. In such embodiments, a second subsequentselection of the extended region can cause the display to return to theoriginal screen layout. Such a selectable expansion arrangement can beparticularly useful in user interfaces in which waveform regions aredisplayed for each of the 12 electrocardiograph signal leads, such as inFIG. 3.

In an alternative embodiment, the display update operation 208 can beperformed in response to a selection of a view toggle button, leaddisplay selection button, or other types of buttons. In suchembodiments, the display update operation 208 can correspond to togglingquickly among a plurality of preset views. In an example of such anarrangement, a view toggle button can be used to cycle among a pluralityof different view layouts, with each view layout including a differentcombination of regions of varying sizes, and including a differentcombination of electrocardiograph signal leads. For example, one layoutcan include all 12 electrocardiograph signal leads, while a furtherlayout could include a particular set of four or more of theelectrocardiograph signal leads, but could include extended regions todisplay multiple heartbeat periods. Still further layouts could groupsignals from different electrocardiograph signal leads. An example oftoggling using a view toggle button is provided below, in connectionwith FIGS. 11-15.

In accordance with this embodiment, a lead display selection buttoncould also be used, in connection with views where fewer than all 12electrocardiograph signal leads are displayed, to cycle among display ofthe plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads. For example, for viewsincluding waveforms from 4 of the leads, the leads display selectionbutton would allow toggling among three screens, each of which would beconfigured to display a set of signals from 4 differentelectrocardiograph signal leads.

In a further alternative embodiment, the display update operation 208can be configured to display an enlarged version of a graphic useable toassist with diagnosis of a patient. In example versions of such anembodiment, a graphic of a torso of a patient can be located within aregion of the screen in one or more example layouts, and can, whenselected, cause display of a larger version of such a graphic. This canallow a user to view proper placement of electrocardiograph signal leadson the patient, or can detect whether a signal is being properlyreceived at the ECG device (e.g., by use of a different colored, orblinking, indicator within the graphic). One possible version of theseembodiments is discussed below in connection with FIGS. 7-10.

Referring now to FIGS. 3-6, example lead displays are presentedillustrating operation of one possible navigation feature useable inconnection with an ECG device, such as device 100 discussed above. Inparticular, the example of FIGS. 3-6 represents selection of aparticular region that includes a waveform showing at least about oneheartbeat period to cause display of an expanded region that displays aplurality of heartbeat periods to show trends in the ECG signal.

FIGS. 3-4 illustrate a schematic version of use of such a navigationalfeature in connection with a lead display 300. As illustrated in FIG. 3,lead display 300 includes a screen layout 302 in which each of 12different regions 304 a-1 are displayed, each representing a differentone of the plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads placed on apatient. In the embodiment shown, the screen layout 302 also includes anaggregate signal 305, as well as a torso image 306 of the patient, aview toggle button 308, a gain adjustment button 310, a speed adjustmentbutton 312, and a filter button 314. The screen layout 302 furtherincludes one or more ECG test action buttons 316, useable for diagnosisof perceived irregularities in a particular ECG signal.

As shown in FIG. 3, each of regions 304 a-1 are placed in a 4×3 array,such that each of three rows has four columns of regions. Due to thescreen layout, and based on horizontally extending waveforms in each ofthe regions 304 a-1, the gain adjustment button 310, speed adjustmentbutton 312, and filter button 314 can be used to adjust the windowscaling in each region to ensure that at least one heartbeat period canbe displayed within each region. Optionally, a heart rate indicator 320can be included to illustrate to a user of the ECG device (e.g., acaregiver) a particular heart rate to assist with the scaling of a heartrate signal.

In FIG. 4, the lead display 300 is altered relative to FIG. 3, based ona selection of an example region. In the example shown, region 304 g ofFIG. 3 was selected, to expand that region to show additional heartbeatperiods associated with that particular electrode.

Upon selection of region 304 g, a updated, or second, screen layout 402is displayed. The screen layout 402 is generally identical to that ofFIG. 3, except that extended region 404 replaces region 304 g. As shown,extended region 404 occupies an entire row to allow for display of aplurality of heartbeat periods. Accordingly, extended region 404overlays a region previously occupied by regions 304 e, 304 f, and 304 h(alongside region 304 g). When region 404 is selected again by a user,the screen layout reverts to that shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, if aregion in a different row is selected, a similar functionality isprovided in which an extended region can replace the various regions inthat same row.

A specific example of such a navigation feature is depicted in FIGS.5-6. FIG. 5 illustrates a lead display 500 that generally corresponds tolead display 300 as depicted in FIG. 3, with a screen layout 502 thatincludes 12 different regions 504 a-1 analogous to regions 304 a-1 ofFIG. 3. As seen in FIG. 5, each of regions 504 e-h are positioned alonga common baseline, such that each appears to be consistent in overallsignal level. However, as illustrated in FIG. 6, a screen layout 602illustrates that, upon selection of region 504 g, an extended region 604is displayed, showing a wandering baseline for the signals correspondingto the electrocardiograph signal leads displayed in region 504 g. Assuch, as discussed above, at times, it is useful to display a pluralityof heartbeat periods to detect issues such as signal drift, which isshown in region 604.

It is also noted that, in both FIGS. 5 and 6, a torso image 506 isdisplayed that includes an indication of the location ofelectrocardiograph signal leads. The torso image can include anindication of the specific lead that is being expanded, or canalternatively include an indication (e.g., by flashing, or changingcolor) in case a weak or erratic signal is received from a particularelectrocardiograph signal lead. Additionally, a view toggle button 508,as well as a gain adjustment button 510, a speed adjustment button 512,and a filter button 514 can also be included, alongside a start ECG testbutton 516.

Referring now to FIGS. 7-10, screen layouts illustrating a secondnavigation feature are provided, in particular, for response toselection or deselection of a torso image. FIG. 7 illustrates a leaddisplay 700 including a particular screen layout 702 in which threeelectrocardiograph signal leads are displayed in a common region 704. Inthis screen layout 702, an enlarged torso image 706 is positionedalongside the common region 704, with a miniaturized version of thetorso image 708 located alongside the common region 704.

The screen layout 702 further includes a plurality of navigation anddisplay features alongside a bottom edge of the common region 704,including a leads region 710, a view toggle button 712, a gainadjustment button 714, a speed adjustment button 716, and a filterbutton 718. The screen layout 702 further includes one or more ECG testaction buttons 720, useable for diagnosis of perceived irregularities ina particular ECG signal.

Selection of the leads region 710 allows a user to cycle throughdifferent sets of electrocardiograph signal leads, such that each of the12 leads can be displayed. Selection of the view toggle option 712allows the user to view different layouts of electrocardiograph signalleads, as illustrated in FIGS. 11-15.

Referring to FIG. 8, the lead display 700 includes a second screenlayout 802 that is shown upon selection of either of the enlarged torsoimage 706 or the miniaturized version of the torso image 708. Asillustrated in FIG. 8, the enlarged torso image 706 is hidden, allowingfor display of an enlarged common region 804, showing a longer portionof the waveforms. Selection of the miniaturized version of the torsoimage 708 causes the display to revert to the screen layout 702 shown inFIG. 7.

It is noted that, in the embodiments of FIGS. 7-10, the enlarged torsoimage 706 can provide additional detail relative to the miniaturizedversion of the torso image 708 regarding placement of theelectrocardiograph signal leads, or whether such leads are operatingcorrectly. As noted above, the indicators of leads on the enlarged torsoimage 706 may include all leads, wherein the image 708 may only includea subset of the leads; additionally, the enlarged torso image 706 mayinclude additional detail or functionality, such as the indicators ofcorrect placement previously discussed (e.g., changes in color orappearance).

FIGS. 9-10 illustrate example versions of a lead display 900 accordingto the schematic illustrated in FIGS. 7-8, respectively. In particular,FIG. 9 shows a screen layout 902 that includes a common region 904, andan enlarged torso image 906 positioned to the side of that region,alongside a minimized version of the torso image 908. As discussed abovewith respect to FIGS. 7-8, the screen layout 902 further includes aplurality of navigation and display features alongside a bottom edge ofthe common region 904, including a leads region 910, a view togglebutton 912, a gain adjustment button 914, a speed adjustment button 916,and a filter button 918. The screen layout 902 further includes a printbutton 920 for capturing a particular waveform.

FIG. 10 illustrates, similar to FIG. 8, a second screen layout 1002, inwhich the enlarged torso image 904 is removed, leaving only theminimized version of the torso image 908. Accordingly, a larger versionof a common region 1004 is displayed. In this arrangement, as with thatshown in FIG. 8, a greater number of heartbeat periods can be shown inthe common region 1004 on a display, as compared to common region 904(in the example shown, four such periods are shown in FIG. 9, and eightperiods are shown in FIG. 10). Accordingly, a user can quickly selectbetween being able to see a full status of electrodes on a graphicaldepiction of a patient torso (the enlarged torso image), or a largernumber of heart beat periods.

Referring to FIGS. 11-15, additional navigation features areillustrated, allowing for convenient switching among a plurality ofdifferent views, each having a different combination of regionsdisplayed. In the examples shown, a view toggle button, such as thebuttons 312, 512, 712, or 912, could be used to switch among a pluralityof selectable views.

FIG. 11 specifically shows one example sequence 1100 of views that canbe selected via a view toggle button, shown as toggle buttons 1102 a-d(collectively, view toggle button 1102). In the embodiment shown, theview toggle button 1102 can be selected, for example via a touch screendisplay, to cycle among a plurality of views. As shown, the view togglebutton changes appearance to represent the current view; for example, inthe various embodiments discussed herein, a first version of the viewtoggle button 1102, depicted as button 1102 a, corresponds to a screenlayout 1200 as seen in FIG. 12; a second version, depicted as button1102 b, corresponds to screen layout 1300 as seen in FIG. 13. Similarly,a third version of the view toggle button 1102 c, corresponds to ascreen layout 1400 as seen in FIG. 14, and a fourth version, depicted asbutton 1102 d, corresponds to screen layout 1500 as seen in FIG. 15. Ofcourse, it is understood that other views, and other correspondingversions of the view toggle button 1102, could be used as well.

As seen in FIG. 12, a first screen layout 1200 includes a region 1202occupying a majority of the screen area. The first screen layout 1200also includes a view toggle button 1102 a, as well as a variety of othercontrol buttons, and graphical elements, including a patient torsographic 1204, leads region 1206, a gain adjustment button 1208, speedadjustment button 1210, and filter button 1212. The first screen layout1200 also includes one or more ECG test action buttons 1214.

Within the first screen layout, the leads region 1206 can be selected tocycle among four different lead graphics, each of which display threelead waveforms within the region 1202. The remaining elements (buttons1208-1214) operate analogously to those features discussed above inconnection with alternative embodiments.

As seen in FIG. 13, a second screen layout 1300 includes a single region1302 occupying a majority of the screen area, but locates the leadwaveforms along a top portion of that region, allowing for other data tobe displayed within the region. The second screen layout 1300 furtherincludes a view toggle button 1102 b, as well as the various othergraphical elements/regions 1204-1214 discussed above.

FIG. 14 illustrates a third screen layout 1400 including a pair ofregions 1402 a-b, each of which displays six waveforms. The third screenlayout 1400 therefore displays waveforms associated with each of theplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads. Accordingly, although thethird screen layout includes the patient torso graphic 1204 and buttons1208-1214, it lacks the leads region 1206, since no leads remainundisplayed. Of course, it is recognized that because the leads are alldisplayed, a smaller amount of each waveform can be presented on thedisplay. The third screen layout 1400 includes a view toggle button 1102c, allowing for cycling among the various screen layouts discussedherein.

FIG. 15 illustrates a fourth screen layout 1500 including twelveindividual regions 1502 a-1. The fourth screen layout 1500 includes aview toggle button 1102 d, as well as patient torso graphic 1204 andbuttons 1208-1214. As with the third screen layout 1400, in the fourthscreen layout the leads region is not required, since each of the leadsremains displayed.

In use, the view toggle button 1102 cycles through a sequence of states,which correspond to views, or screen layouts, as discussed below. In theexample shown, a sequential arrangement of screens is provided in whichselection of view toggle button 1102 a causes screen layout 1200 tochange to screen layout 1300, while selection of view toggle button 1102b causes screen layout 1300 to change to screen layout 1400, selectionof view toggle button 1102 c causes screen layout 1400 to change toscreen layout 1500, and selection of view toggle button 1102 d causesscreen layout 1500 to change to screen layout 1200, as illustrated inthe sequence 1100 of FIG. 11.

Referring to FIGS. 1-15 overall, it is recognized that the variousnavigation features discussed herein provide a great deal of flexibilityand allow for convenient navigation among a variety of screen layouts,or views, of waveforms depicting electrocardiograph signals, as well asthe status of leads with which those signals are captured. Additionally,the various features discussed herein allow for convenient and intuitiveuse in connection with a touch screen display integrated into an ECGdevice.

Further, in connection with the present disclosure, embodiments of theinvention may be practiced in an electrical circuit comprising discreteelectronic elements, packaged or integrated electronic chips containinglogic gates, a circuit utilizing a microprocessor, or on a single chipcontaining electronic elements or microprocessors. For example,embodiments of the invention may be practiced via a system-on-a-chip(SOC) where each or many of the components illustrated in FIG. 1 may beintegrated onto a single integrated circuit. Such an SOC device mayinclude one or more processing units, graphics units, communicationsunits, system virtualization units and various application functionalityall of which are integrated (or “burned”) onto the chip substrate as asingle integrated circuit. Embodiments of the invention may also bepracticed using other technologies capable of performing logicaloperations such as, for example, AND, OR, and NOT, including but notlimited to mechanical, optical, fluidic, and quantum technologies. Inaddition, embodiments of the invention may be practiced within a generalpurpose computer or in any other circuits or systems.

The above specification, examples and data provide a completedescription of the manufacture and use of the composition of theinvention. Since many embodiments of the invention can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention, the inventionresides in the claims hereinafter appended.

1. An electrocardiograph device comprising: a display; a plurality ofelectrocardiograph signal leads configured for electrical connection toa patient; a programmable circuit operatively connected to the displayand to the plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads, theprogrammable circuit configured to receive electrical signals via theelectrocardiograph signal leads representative of a heartbeat of apatient, wherein the programmable circuit is further configured to:generate a user interface to be presented on the display, the userinterface comprising a lead display including a screen layout includinga plurality of waveform regions, the waveform regions being adjacent toone another and each displaying a waveform corresponding to anelectrical signal from one of the plurality of electrocardiograph signalleads over a first time interval including at least one heartbeatperiod; upon receiving selection of a region of the user interface,display an extended waveform region associated with one or more of theelectrocardiograph signal leads, the extended waveform region displayinga waveform corresponding to the electrical signal from one of theplurality of electrocardiograph leads over a second time interval thatis longer than the first time interval, and which includes a pluralityof heartbeat periods.
 2. The electrocardiograph device of claim 1,wherein the display comprises a touch screen display, and whereinselection of the region comprises touching the region to be selected. 3.The electrocardiograph device of claim 1, wherein the region comprises aview toggle button, wherein, in response to selection of the view togglebutton, the lead display cycles among a plurality of views, wherein theextended region is included within at least one of the plurality ofviews.
 4. The electrocardiograph device of claim 3, wherein each of theplurality of views corresponds to a different layout of regions withinthe lead display.
 5. The electrocardiograph device of claim 1, whereinthe region comprises one of the plurality of waveform regions.
 6. Theelectrocardiograph device of claim 5, wherein, upon display of theextended waveform region, one or more of the plurality of waveformregions of the lead display are hidden from view.
 7. Theelectrocardiograph device of claim 6, wherein a selection of theextended waveform region reverts the lead display to displaying each ofthe plurality of waveform regions including the waveform regions hiddenfrom view while the extended waveform region is displayed.
 8. Theelectrocardiograph device of claim 1, wherein the user interface furtherincludes a leads region selectable by a user, wherein, upon receivingselection of the leads region, the programmable circuit is furtherprogrammed to display a second screen layout including a plurality ofwaveform regions including waveform regions corresponding to electricalsignals from one or more of the plurality of electrocardiograph signalleads not presented in the lead display.
 9. The electrocardiographdevice of claim 1, wherein the lead display includes one or more testaction buttons.
 10. The electrocardiograph device of claim 1, whereinthe lead display includes an image of a torso depicting locations ofleads placed on the patient.
 11. The electrocardiograph device of claim10, wherein, upon selection of the image of the torso, displaying anenlarged image of the torso overlaying at least a portion of one or moreof the plurality of waveform regions.
 12. An electrocardiograph devicecomprising: a display; a plurality of electrocardiograph signal leadsconfigured for electrical connection to a patient; a programmablecircuit operatively connected to the display and to the plurality ofelectrocardiograph signal leads, the programmable circuit configured toreceive electrical signals via the electrocardiograph signal leadsrepresentative of a heartbeat of a patient, wherein the programmablecircuit is further configured to: generate a user interface to bepresented on the display, the user interface comprising a lead displayincluding a screen layout including a plurality of regions, theplurality of regions being adjacent to one another and each displayingan indication of an electrical signal from one or more of the pluralityof electrocardiograph signal leads; upon receiving selection of a regionof the user interface, displaying an extended region associated with oneor more of the electrocardiograph signal leads, the extended region atleast partially overlaying one or more remaining regions adjacent to theselected region.
 13. The electrocardiograph device of claim 12, whereinthe selected region comprises a graphical representation of a torso ofthe patient, and wherein the extended region comprises an enlargedgraphical representation of the torso of the patient.
 14. Theelectrocardiograph device of claim 12, wherein the selected regiondisplays a waveform corresponding to an electrical signal from one ofthe plurality of electrocardiograph signal leads over a first timeinterval including at least one heartbeat period.
 15. Theelectrocardiograph device of claim 14, wherein the extended regiondisplays a waveform corresponding to the electrical signal from theelectrocardiograph signal lead of the selected region over a second timeinterval that is longer than the first time interval, and which includesa plurality of heartbeat periods.
 16. The electrocardiograph device ofclaim 12, wherein, upon receiving a selection of the extended region,the programmable circuit is configured to revert to the screen layoutdisplaying each of the plurality of regions.
 17. A method of operatingan electrocardiograph device, the method comprising: attaching aplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads to a patient; selecting adisplay mode on a display of the electrocardiograph device to display alead display including a screen layout including a plurality of regions,the plurality of regions being adjacent to one another and eachdisplaying an indication of an electrical signal from one or more of theplurality of electrocardiograph signal leads; selecting one of theplurality of regions on the display, thereby causing theelectrocardiograph device to display an extended region associated withone or more of the electrocardiograph signal leads, the extended regionat least partially overlaying one or more remaining regions adjacent tothe selected region.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein selecting oneof the plurality of regions on the display comprises touching the regionon the display, wherein the display includes a touch screen display. 19.The method of claim 17, further comprising: selecting a view togglebutton, thereby causing the electrocardiograph device to display asecond screen layout including a second plurality of regions differentfrom the plurality of regions included in the screen layout.
 20. Themethod of claim 19, further comprising selecting the view toggle buttonon one or more subsequent occurrences, thereby causing the lead displayto cycle among a plurality of screen layouts, wherein the extendedregion is included within at least one of the plurality of screenlayouts.